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I would like to seek some advice on modeling the following logical implications, where $\delta$ is a binary variable, $D_{j}$ and $A_{j}$ are nonnegative discrete variables, and $p_{j}$ are nonnegative discrete parameter values.
$$\delta = 1 \implies D_{j}+p_{j}\gt A_{j} \lor D_{j}+p_{j}\lt A_{j} \tag1\label1$$
$$D_{j}+p_{j}\gt A_{j} \lor D_{j}+p_{j}\lt A_{j} \implies \delta = 1 \tag2\label2$$
Apply the formulation given in https://or.stackexchange.com/a/2632/500 with $y=1-\delta$, $x=D_j-A_j$, and $b=-p_j$.
Assuming by “discrete” you mean that $D_j$ and $A_j$ are integer-valued, you can use a tolerance of $1$ (the $\delta$ in the linked answer).
If you want to enforce only $(1)$, introduce binary variables $\delta_1$ and $\delta_2$, and impose linear constraints: \begin{align} \delta &\le \delta_1 + \delta_2 \\ -D_j - p_j + A_j + 1 &\le M_1 (1-\delta_1) \\ D_j + p_j - A_j + 1 &\le M_2 (1-\delta_2) \end{align}
If you want to enforce only $(2)$, consider its contrapositive $$\delta = 0 \implies D_{j}+p_{j}\le A_{j} \land D_{j}+p_{j}\ge A_{j},$$ which you can enforce via \begin{align} D_j + p_j - A_j &\le M_3 \delta \\ -D_j - p_j + A_j &\le M_4 \delta \end{align}
